| Name | Family | Manufacturer | Maiden Flight Date | Active | Reusable | Launch Count | Length (m) | Max Diameter (m) | LEO Capacity (kg) | GTO Capacity (kg) | Thrust at Liftoff (kN) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soyuz U | Soyuz | Russian Federal Space Agency (ROSCOSMOS) | 05/18/1973 | ✘ | ✘ | 714 | 51.1 | 2.95 | 6900.0 | — | — |
| Soyuz-U | Soviet Space Program | 12/23/1982 | ✘ | ✘ | 71 | 34.54 | 2.95 | 7050.0 | — | — | |
| Soyuz-U-PVB | Soyuz | Progress Rocket Space Center | 03/21/1984 | ✘ | ✘ | 74 | 51.0 | 3.0 | 6900.0 | — | — |
| Space Launch System (SLS) | Space Launch System | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | — | ✘ | ✘ | 0 | 111.0 | 8.4 | 105000.0 | — | 39000.0 |
| Space Launch System (SLS) | Space Launch System | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | 11/16/2022 | ✔ | ✘ | 1 | 111.0 | 8.4 | 95000.0 | — | 39000.0 |
| SpaceShipTwo | Virgin Galactic | 10/10/2010 | ✔ | ✔ | 67 | 18.0 | 8.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 310.0 | |
| Space Shuttle | National Aeronautics and Space Administration | 04/12/1981 | ✘ | ✔ | 135 | 56.1 | 8.0 | 27500.0 | — | 28200.0 | |
| SPARK | Sandia National Laboratories | 11/04/2015 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| SPARTA | Chrysler | 11/28/1966 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | 21.8 | 1.78 | 45.0 | — | 416.0 | |
| Spectrum | Isar Aerospace | 03/30/2025 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | 28.0 | 2.0 | 1000.0 | — | 675.0 | |
| Sputnik 11A59 | Sputnik | Energia | 12/01/1963 | ✘ | ✘ | 2 | 30.0 | 2.99 | 1400.0 | — | 3999.0 |
| Sputnik 8A91 | Sputnik | Energia | 02/03/1958 | ✘ | ✘ | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Sputnik 8K74PS | Sputnik | Energia | 10/04/1957 | ✘ | ✘ | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| SR75 | HyImpulse | 05/03/2024 | ✔ | ✘ | 1 | — | 0.64 | — | — | 75.0 | |
| SS-520 | S-Series | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | 01/14/2017 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | 9.7 | 0.5 | 4.0 | — | — |
| SS-520 | S-Series | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | 02/03/2018 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | — | 0.5 | 4.0 | — | — |
| SSLV | Indian Space Research Organization | 08/07/2022 | ✔ | ✘ | 3 | 34.0 | 2.0 | 500.0 | — | — | |
| Starship | Starship | SpaceX | 04/20/2023 | ✔ | ✔ | 9 | 120.0 | 9.0 | 100000.0 | 21000.0 | 72000.0 |
| Starship Prototype | Starship | SpaceX | 07/26/2019 | ✘ | ✔ | 9 | 50.0 | 9.0 | — | — | — |
| Start | Start | Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology | 03/28/1995 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | 28.9 | 1.61 | 645.0 | — | 887.0 |
| Start-1 | Start | Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology | 03/25/1993 | ✘ | ✘ | 5 | 22.7 | 1.61 | 632.0 | — | 887.0 |
| Start-1.2 | Start | Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology | 03/04/1997 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | 22.7 | 1.8 | — | — | 500.0 |
| Strela | Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center | 12/05/2003 | ✘ | ✘ | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Super Heavy Prototype | Starship | SpaceX | — | ✔ | ✔ | 0 | 70.0 | 9.0 | — | — | — |
| Terran 1 | Terran | Relativity Space | 03/23/2023 | ✘ | ✘ | 1 | 35.0 | 2.3 | 1479.0 | — | 920.0 |